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Mallory
MalwareRansomwareUsed by 55 actorsExploits 4 CVEs

Remcos

Remcos RAT is a commodity Windows remote access trojan used across phishing, malspam, loader, supply-chain, and ClickFix-style delivery chains. The provided content shows it being delivered by multiple loaders and packers including HijackLoader/IDATLoader, GULoader, HeartCrypt, reflective .NET loaders, PowerShell stages, JavaScript/VHDX chains, and steganography-based .NET malware. Observed infection vectors include phishing emails with archive attachments, compressed executables, OneDrive-hosted payloads, ISO/VHDX disk images, malicious JavaScript, macro-enabled Excel documents, fake CAPTCHA workflows, and compromised third-party web scripts. Remcos is associated in the content with campaigns targeting users in India, Ukrainian military-themed recipients, Italian malspam recipients, and organizations in shipping, logistics, manufacturing, business services, pharmaceutical, energy, and finance, as well as broad downstream exposure via compromised e-commerce sites. Threat actors and clusters explicitly linked in the content to Remcos delivery include UAC-0184 / MB-0005, SmartApeSG (also tracked as ZPHP or HANEYMANEY), TA2722, and Operation Spalax; the content also notes TA558 distributing Remcos alongside other commodity malware.

Capabilities directly mentioned in the content include process injection and process hollowing, persistence via HKCU/HKCU Run registry keys, anti-analysis and sandbox/VM checks, User Account Control bypass via eventviewer.exe, browser credential and cookie theft from Chrome and Firefox, active-window monitoring, idle-time tracking, clipboard theft and modification, webcam access and picture capture, audio/microphone recording, and logging captured data to logs.dat. One report states Remcos can terminate, suspend, and resume processes by PID. In one analyzed chain, the malware was injected into backgroundTaskHost.exe; another report states it can hollow into the victim’s default browser process name. The content also references configuration artifacts such as install filename remcos.exe, mutex values including Rmc-X5JFP2 and Remcos_Mutex_Inj, screenshot storage path Screenshots, microphone path MicRecords, and log filename logs.dat.

High-confidence indicators from the content include command-and-control endpoints 144.31.236.240:27018, animal342[.]duckdns[.]org:53552, 62.102.148.212:37393, 217.138.252.123:42830, 146.70.244.90:37393, myhost001.myddns[.]me:9373, 103.198.26[.]222:9373, shahzad73[.]casacam[.]net:2404, shahzad73[.]ddns[.]net:2404, cato[.]fingusti[.]club, and remcos[.]got-game[.]org:2265. Sample and campaign artifacts explicitly tied to Remcos in the content include SHA-256 40079f05ba7cdccac1f62f8e7e1b644bc0a806b58465f5c005725bc54ee73ef1 for Remcos Agent 7.1.0 Pro, the lure archive spisokszch.zip, the secondary archive szch45clusterhum.zip, the VHDX-delivered JavaScript Partnerschaft_fur_neue_Angebotsanfrage.js, and related payload retrieval from cembusconfort[.]ro. The content also identifies Remcos versions 7.1.0 Pro, 2.7.2 Pro, and 2.5.0 Pro in observed campaigns.

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EXPLOITED CVES

Vulnerabilities exploited

4 CVEs Mallory has correlated with this family across public research and vendor advisories. Each row links to the full Mallory page for that vulnerability.

4 CVES
CVE-2024-43451Microsoft Windows NTLM Hash Disclosure Spoofing VulnerabilityExploited in the wild

"...Colombian organizations were reported by Darktrace to have been targeted by Blind Eagle in an attack campaign involving the abuse of the Windows vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2024-43451, that has been ongoing since November."

via scworldscworld.com
CVE-2017-11882Microsoft Office Equation Editor Remote Code ExecutionExploited in the wild

...triggers an exploit for a years-old security flaw in Microsoft Office (CVE-2017-11882) to distribute a new variant of Remcos RAT...

via the hacker newsthehackernews.com
CVE-2023-21716Microsoft Word RTF Heap Corruption Remote Code Execution

Windows Office Product Spawned Uncommon Process ... CVE-2023-21716 Word RTF Heap Corruption, CVE-2023-36884 Office and Windows HTML RCE Vulnerability ...

via splunk researchresearch.splunk.com
CVE-2023-38831Arbitrary Code Execution in WinRAR Archive File HandlingExploited in the wild

Group-IB Threat Intelligence unit discovered a zero-day vulnerability, CVE-2023-38831, in WinRAR, a popular compression tool. Cybercriminals exploited this vulnerability to deliver various malware families, including DarkMe and GuLoader, by crafting ZIP archives with spoofed extensions. | The malware was distributed alongside other malware families, such as GuLoader and Remcos RAT, via malicious ZIP archives posted on popular trading forums or distributed via file-sharing services.

via splunk researchresearch.splunk.com
THREAT ACTORS

Groups observed using it

55 distinct threat actors attributed by public researchers. Open in Mallory to see the full evidence chain and overlapping campaigns.

View more details
UAC-0184

The modular HijackLoader bundle decodes Remcos Agent 7.1.0 Pro, configured to communicate with the same server that delivered the initial PowerShell stages and secondary archive: 144.31.236.240:27018

via synapticsystemsblog.synapticsystems.de
MB-0005

The modular HijackLoader bundle decodes Remcos Agent 7.1.0 Pro, configured to communicate with the same server that delivered the initial PowerShell stages and secondary archive: 144.31.236.240:27018

via synapticsystemsblog.synapticsystems.de
SmartApeSG

The group has been linked to past campaigns that delivered dangerous tools including NetSupport RAT, Remcos RAT, StealC, and Sectop RAT.

via cyber security newscybersecuritynews.com
TA558

While the actor favors VenomRAT, TA558 also distributes other commodity malware including njRAT, Remcos RAT, and recently XWorm and PDQ Connect.

via proofpointproofpoint.com
TA2722

TA2722 distributes Remcos and NanoCore remote access trojans (RATs). Remcos and NanoCore are typically used for information gathering, data theft operations, monitoring and control of compromised computers.

via proofpointproofpoint.com
SilverTerrier

Security professionals recently discovered a highly dangerous malicious email operation targeting corporate networks. Specifically, threat actors initiated a sophisticated Remcos RAT phishing campaign... This structural evolution within the Remcos RAT phishing campaign allows the primary remote access trojan module to initialize smoothly.

via security online infosecurityonline.info
MITRE ATT&CK

Techniques & procedures

32 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.

Resource Development

1 technique
T1588.001MalwareEvidence1

Adversaries may buy, steal, or download malware that can be used during targeting. Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, packers, and C2 protocols. Adversaries may acquire malware to support their operations, obtaining a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.

Initial Access

3 techniques
T1195Supply Chain CompromiseEvidence2

A newly discovered supply chain attack has put thousands of e-commerce websites at risk after a popular third-party reviews widget was quietly turned into a malware delivery tool.

T1566PhishingEvidence3

The campaigns in Italian analyzed by the TG Soft C.R.A.M. were grouped according to macro categories, obtained from the subject of the email message used for malware distribution (malspam).

T1566.001Spearphishing AttachmentEvidence5

15/06/2026 AgentTesla - spread through five campaigns themed around: ‘Documents’, ‘Invoices’, 'Orders' (two) and ‘Requests’. ... FormBook - spread through two campaigns themed around ‘Payments’ and ‘Requests’.

Execution

6 techniques
T1047Windows Management InstrumentationEvidence1

the JavaScript... will launch a PowerShell script through WMI: WbemScripting.SWbemLocator → ConnectServer() → Win32_Process.Create()

T1059.001PowerShellEvidence3

That command then pulled down a PowerShell script or HTML Application file, which installed a remote access tool or information stealer on the victim’s machine.

T1059.005Visual BasicEvidence1

Compressed MS Excel documents containing macros which, if enabled, download malware

T1059.007JavaScriptEvidence3

In this incident, the SmartApeSG injected JavaScript behaved as a staged loader, and did not attempt to execute every action immediately.

T1204User ExecutionEvidence2

Victims who passed these filters were shown a fake CAPTCHA or verification screen, a technique known as ClickFix. These prompts instructed users to open the Windows Run menu and paste a command that was already copied silently to their clipboard.

T1204.002Malicious FileEvidence1

The top-ranking samples this week are Script files accounting for 65,22%. MSIL files follow in second place with 20,65%. As for third place, we find Office documents (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) with 14,13%.

Persistence

1 technique
T1547.001Registry Run Keys / Startup FolderEvidence2

It creates a hidden copy of itself inside the AppData Roaming folder under a randomized name and sets a Run registry key so it launches automatically every time the victim logs into the system.

Privilege Escalation

4 techniques
T1055Process InjectionEvidence1

The malware will be injected in a process "backgroundTaskHost.exe"

T1055.012Process HollowingEvidence1

Remcos then uses process hollowing to run under the victim’s default browser process name, blending smoothly into normal system activity and evading detection.

T1547.001Registry Run Keys / Startup FolderEvidence2

It creates a hidden copy of itself inside the AppData Roaming folder under a randomized name and sets a Run registry key so it launches automatically every time the victim logs into the system.

T1548.002Bypass User Account ControlEvidence1

and bypasses User Account Control using eventviewer.exe.

Stealth

9 techniques
T1027Obfuscated Files or InformationEvidence1

In the first stage, the JavaScript (obfuscated and hidden in many comments)... The string “bubble” pollutes the code and is removed during execution.

T1027.001Binary PaddingEvidence1

HeartCrypt was originally discovered through underground forums... it has been used to pack over 2,000 malicious payloads... The packed payload was consistently added as a resource to a legitimate binary... Each resource embedded in the binary contains PIC disguised as a bitmap (BMP) image file. This begins with a standard BMP header followed by a repeating hexadecimal pattern for padding.

T1027.003SteganographyEvidence1

The malware hides its next-stage components inside resource sections of the executable using a steganographic technique, where payload data is embedded within a serialized .NET Bitmap object.

T1055Process InjectionEvidence1

The malware will be injected in a process "backgroundTaskHost.exe"

T1055.012Process HollowingEvidence1

Remcos then uses process hollowing to run under the victim’s default browser process name, blending smoothly into normal system activity and evading detection.

T1218.005MshtaEvidence2

That command then pulled down a PowerShell script or HTML Application file, which installed a remote access tool or information stealer on the victim’s machine.

T1497.001System ChecksEvidence1

The malware checks for sandbox and virtual machine environments before proceeding

T1564.001Hidden Files and DirectoriesEvidence1

it contains a VHDX file that discloses a malicious JavaScript after being mounted (which is automatic on modern Windows OSs)

T1620Reflective Code LoadingEvidence2

The first extracted component is a DLL named Optimax.dll, which is loaded directly into memory without ever touching the disk.

Credential Access

2 techniques
T1056.001KeyloggingEvidence1

It continuously monitors the active window, logs title changes, and tracks user idle time

T1555.003Credentials from Web BrowsersEvidence1

Beyond that, it steals stored credentials and cookies from Chrome and Firefox

Discovery

2 techniques
T1083File and Directory DiscoveryEvidence1

The content repeatedly describes malware and threat actors listing files and directories, enumerating drives, searching for files by extension/name/path, retrieving file metadata, and browsing file systems (for example: "APT28 has used Forfiles to locate PDF, Excel, and Word documents during collection" and "cmd can be used to find files and directories with native functionality such as dir commands").

T1497.001System ChecksEvidence1

The malware checks for sandbox and virtual machine environments before proceeding

Collection

6 techniques
T1056.001KeyloggingEvidence1

It continuously monitors the active window, logs title changes, and tracks user idle time

T1115Clipboard DataEvidence1

Agent Tesla can steal data from the victim’s clipboard. APT38 used a Trojan called KEYLIME to collect data from the clipboard. APT39 has used tools capable of stealing contents of the clipboard.

T1123Audio CaptureEvidence1

while also recording audio and webcam feeds.

T1125Video CaptureEvidence2

while also recording audio and webcam feeds.

T1560Archive Collected DataEvidence2

Beyond that, it steals stored credentials and cookies from Chrome and Firefox and saves all captured data into a file called logs.dat.

T1560.001Archive via UtilityEvidence1

Yesterday, a reader reported to us a malicious ZIP archive... Once unzipped, it contains a VHDX file...

Command and Control

3 techniques
T1071Application Layer ProtocolEvidence2

This information is then quietly exfiltrated to a remote command-and-control server at 62.102.148.212.

T1105Ingress Tool TransferEvidence1

The script downloads the next stage from: hxxps://cembusconfort[.]ro/Exoticisms121.dsp and saves it to %APPDATA%\Endocoel.Pro... The shellcode will fetch the malware itself from: hxxps://cembusconfort[.]ro/YoHtJ27.bin

T1219Remote Access ToolsEvidence1

Deploy remote access tools or information stealers.

INDICATORS OF COMPROMISE

IOCs tracked for this family

610 indicators attributed across vendor reports, sandbox runs, and researcher write-ups. Full values are available in Mallory.

View more in app
Network
276 tracked

IPs, domains, and DNS infrastructure linked to this family.

Hashes
247 tracked

File hashes (MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256) from samples and reports.

Other
87 tracked

Other indicator types observed in public reporting.

TypeValueLatest sighting
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What this page doesn’t show

The version that knows your environment.

This page is what’s public. Mallory adds the parts that aren’t: which of your assets match these IOCs, which detections are missing, which campaigns to expect next, and what to do in the next 30 minutes.
IOC matching610

Match every observed IP, domain, and hash against your live telemetry.

Threat actor attribution55

Named campaigns wielding this family, with evidence pinned to each claim.

Exploited vulnerabilities4

CVEs this family uses for access and lateral movement.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

MITRE ATT&CK mapping32

Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.

Researcher chatter

Reddit, Mastodon, and CTI community discussion around this family.