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Moonstone Sleet is a North Korea-linked threat actor tracked by Microsoft under aliases including DEV-0530, Storm-1789, ML Sleet, and H0lyGh0st. The actor has been associated with both financially motivated operations and espionage activity, reflecting the blended tradecraft often seen in DPRK cyber operations. Reporting has linked the cluster to the development and use of H0lyGh0st ransomware and assessed connections to Andariel, a Lazarus-associated North Korean intrusion set. Moonstone Sleet has used social engineering and user-execution-dependent delivery, including trojanized software installers and fake job or interview lures resembling broader DPRK recruiter-themed campaigns. The actor has staged malicious payloads online for follow-on retrieval, used command-line tooling to fetch additional malware, and delivered payloads through multiple layers of obfuscation and encoding to hinder analysis and evade defenses. Observed malware associated with the actor includes YouieLoader, which has supported host discovery and browser information collection. Observed post-compromise behavior includes system owner and user discovery, network configuration discovery, browser information gathering, and persistence through Registry Run keys. Public reporting also indicates Moonstone Sleet has deployed Qilin ransomware in some attacks, in addition to earlier H0lyGh0st-linked extortion activity. Overall, Moonstone Sleet is best characterized as a DPRK state-linked cluster that combines espionage-oriented intrusion tradecraft with financially motivated cybercrime, including ransomware and theft-enabling operations.
Mallory correlates actor tradecraft and target patterns against your stack, your sector, and your geography. See overlap before they land.
Who, where, and (when attributed) which flag flies behind the operation. Pulled from open-source reporting and Mallory's analyst review.
Attributed origin per open-source reporting.
46 distinct techniques observed across reporting, grouped by tactic. Hover any cell for the evidence excerpt; click through for MITRE's full description.
13 malware families attributed to this actor across reporting.
8 additional families tracked in Mallory.
4 CVEs this actor has used in observed campaigns. 4 of them exploited in the wild.
This detection identifies instances where Windows Explorer.exe spawns PowerShell or cmd.exe processes, particularly focusing on executions initiated by LNK files. This behavior is associated with the ZDI-CAN-25373 Windows shortcut zero-day vulnerability, where specially crafted LNK files are used to trigger malicious code execution through cmd.exe or powershell.exe. This technique has been actively exploited by multiple APT groups in targeted attacks through both HTTP and SMB delivery methods.
To gain initial access, new variants of H0lyGh0st ransomware search for vulnerabilities in the public-facing web applications and content management systems of their target. DotCMS RCE (CVE-2022-26352) vulnerability is one of the vulnerabilities exploited by the ransomware group.
This detection focuses on identifying vulnerable versions 18.12.407 and 18.12.416 of the 3CX desktop app... these specific versions have known vulnerabilities... CVE CVE-2023-29059
Google released an update and thanked us for discovering this attack... CVE-2024-4947... The exploit contains code for two vulnerabilities: the first is used to gain the ability to read and write Chrome process memory from the JavaScript... CVE-2024-4947 ... is the vulnerability in this new compiler.
51 indicators attributed to this actor: domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts pulled from reporting. View more in app.
20 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
Mentioned only as one of many threat actors associated with the generic discovery technique of running the Linux id command.
Listed as an associated threat actor in detection annotations for Ghostscript exploitation; no specific campaign activity is described in this reference.
Listed as a threat actor associated with the malicious file execution technique detected by this analytic.
Listed in the detection annotations as a threat actor associated with EFI volume mounting / installation-related behavior.
Match sector + geo + tech-stack targeting against your real footprint.
Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.
Families this actor is known to deploy, with IOCs and behavior.
CVEs this actor has used in known campaigns.
YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.
Domains, IPs, and hashes tied to this actor, refreshed continuously.