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NSO Group, also known as NSO and NSO Group Technologies and tracked by iVerify as Rainbow Ronin, is an Israeli commercial surveillance vendor based in Herzliya. It develops and sells Pegasus spyware, exploit chains, and supporting infrastructure to government intelligence and law-enforcement customers. NSO Group is a private-sector offensive actor rather than a government intelligence unit. Its technology enables targeted espionage against Android and iOS devices. Documented targets of Pegasus operations include human rights defenders, journalists, lawyers, activists, dissidents, political figures, and diplomats, including civil society members in Bahrain, Mexico, and India. Pegasus supports both one-click and zero-click infection, exploiting messaging services and other mobile attack surfaces without necessarily requiring victim interaction. Notable exploit chains include FORCEDENTRY, BLASTPASS, LATENTIMAGE, FINDMYPWN, and PWNYOURHOME. FORCEDENTRY combined an ImageIO decoder vulnerability with a logic-bug sandbox escape and bypassed Apple's BlastDoor protections. BLASTPASS exploited CVE-2023-41061 and CVE-2023-41064 through malicious iMessage content. Pegasus delivery capabilities also include network injection and physical access. After compromise, the platform can collect messages, emails, contacts, call records, photographs, files, credentials, and location information, and remotely activate microphones and cameras. The related Android spyware Chrysaor incorporates privilege escalation, keylogging, screenshot capture, and persistence mechanisms, including installation on the system partition in older variants. NSO Group supplies an end-to-end surveillance platform with operator dashboards, device fingerprinting, command-and-control infrastructure, and data collection capabilities. Its White Services department provisions anonymized, segregated infrastructure for individual customers, supported by the Pegasus Anonymizing Transmission Network. Anti-forensic behaviors include deleting infection artifacts and browser-history traces, removing device log data, and automatically uninstalling spyware under specified conditions. Government customers have used these capabilities against civil society despite NSO Group's stated restriction of its products to counterterrorism and criminal investigations. The company was added to the U.S. Commerce Department's Entity List in 2021 and has faced litigation over Pegasus attacks against WhatsApp users.
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Who, where, and (when attributed) which flag flies behind the operation. Pulled from open-source reporting and Mallory's analyst review.
Sectors the actor has been observed targeting.
Geographies tied to known operations.
Attributed origin per open-source reporting.
38 distinct techniques observed across reporting, grouped by tactic. Hover any cell for the evidence excerpt; click through for MITRE's full description.
9 malware families attributed to this actor across reporting.
4 additional families tracked in Mallory.
9 CVEs this actor has used in observed campaigns. 9 of them exploited in the wild.
The vulnerability is inside the function JBIG2Stream::readTextRegionSeg of CoreGraphics.framework. Apple patched the function in iOS 14.8.
CVE-2019-3568: heap overflow в VOIP-стеке. Buffer overflow в VoIP-стеке WhatsApp - одна из первых публично задокументированных zero-click цепочек NSO Group... По данным WhatsApp/Meta... уязвимость использовалась против примерно 1400 устройств за двухнедельный период.
CVE-2023-41061 and CVE-2023-41064 (Apple iOS) — NSO Group (Pegasus).
2023 Pegasus BLASTPASS Exploit lists CVE-2023-41061 and CVE-2023-41064. The presentation references Apple's security content for iOS 16.6.1 and iPadOS 16.6.1.
On October 3, 2019, we disclosed issue 1942 (CVE-2019-2215), which is a use-after-free in Binder in the Android kernel. The bug is a local privilege escalation vulnerability that allows for a full compromise of a vulnerable device.
4 more CVEs tied to this actor tracked in Mallory.
290 indicators attributed to this actor: domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts pulled from reporting. View more in app.
20 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
Mentioned only in the automatically extracted actor list; no direct role in the EncroChat operation is described in the provided content.
Mentioned as the company whose Pegasus spyware previously used the same Android exploit chain that helped expose the Bad Binder vulnerability later leveraged in the EncroChat operation.
Referenced as a known mercenary spyware vendor associated with Pegasus and prior iPhone zero-click exploitation, but not attributed to the August 2026 notification wave.
Commercial spyware vendor accused of enabling targeted mercenary spyware attacks against high-profile individuals through Pegasus spyware.
Match sector + geo + tech-stack targeting against your real footprint.
Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.
Families this actor is known to deploy, with IOCs and behavior.
CVEs this actor has used in known campaigns.
YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.
Domains, IPs, and hashes tied to this actor, refreshed continuously.