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Dragonfly is a Russia-linked cyberespionage threat actor associated with targeting the energy sector and conducting intelligence-gathering operations against enterprise networks and network infrastructure. Names associated with its activity include Energetic Bear, Berserk Bear, Crouching Yeti, Iron Liberty, Dymalloy, Dragonfly 2.0, Ghost Blizzard, Static Tundra, Blue Kraken, Bromine, Koala Team, Operation Dragonfly, TEMP.Isotope, and TG-4192. Dragonfly uses spearphishing, credential harvesting, software supply-chain compromise, and exploitation of vulnerable services. Its phishing operations have included malicious Microsoft Office attachments and PDF attachments containing links to credential-harvesting pages. It has placed trojanized installers on legitimate vendor distribution platforms and scanned targets for vulnerable Citrix and Microsoft Exchange services. Associated activity includes exploitation of the Cisco Smart Install vulnerability CVE-2018-0171 for intelligence gathering and the Windows Netlogon vulnerability CVE-2020-1472 to access Active Directory servers. Following compromise, Dragonfly uses valid accounts, VPN access, Outlook Web Access, and web shells to retain access. It creates local and administrator accounts, adds accounts to administrator groups, and disguises accounts as legitimate backup, service, or email administration identities. Scheduled tasks support malicious execution and automated account logoffs. The actor steals credentials through password-hash dumping and collection of the Active Directory credential database, including use of SecretsDump. Its toolset includes Mimikatz, CrackMapExec, and PsExec, and it uses RDP for lateral movement.
Mallory correlates actor tradecraft and target patterns against your stack, your sector, and your geography. See overlap before they land.
Who, where, and (when attributed) which flag flies behind the operation. Pulled from open-source reporting and Mallory's analyst review.
Sectors the actor has been observed targeting.
Geographies tied to known operations.
Attributed origin per open-source reporting.
57 distinct techniques observed across reporting, grouped by tactic. Hover any cell for the evidence excerpt; click through for MITRE's full description.
22 malware families attributed to this actor across reporting.
17 additional families tracked in Mallory.
24 CVEs this actor has used in observed campaigns. 24 of them exploited in the wild.
Static Tundra has been exploiting CVE-2018-0171, a CVSS 9.8 Cisco Smart Install vulnerability, to compromise unpatched network devices worldwide for intelligence gathering. The content also reports that Salt Typhoon leveraged this vulnerability against major U.S. telecommunications companies.
Dragonfly has exploited a Windows Netlogon vulnerability (CVE-2020-1472) to obtain access to Windows Active Directory servers. Earth Lusca, FIN7, menuPass, MuddyWater, and Wizard Spider are also associated with its exploitation or attempted exploitation.
Exploit Public-Facing Application T1190 Conducted SQL injection attacks, exploited vulnerabilities CVE-2019-19781 and CVE-2020-0688 for Citrix and MS Exchange, and CVE-2018-13379 for Fortinet VPNs.
Exploit Public-Facing Application T1190 Conducted SQL injection attacks, exploited vulnerabilities CVE-2019-19781 and CVE-2020-0688 for Citrix and MS Exchange, and CVE-2018-13379 for Fortinet VPNs.
They have also exploited CVE-2018-0171 and CVE-2008-4128 in Cisco devices, both now listed in CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
19 more CVEs tied to this actor tracked in Mallory.
118 indicators attributed to this actor: domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts pulled from reporting. View more in app.
20 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
Annotation-only mention; no actor-specific operation or behavior is described.
Listed as an annotation to a renamed-Python-binary detection; no actor-specific campaign or behavior is described.
Referenced only as an annotated actor associated with the detection technique.
Listed in the detection annotation metadata.
Match sector + geo + tech-stack targeting against your real footprint.
Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.
Families this actor is known to deploy, with IOCs and behavior.
CVEs this actor has used in known campaigns.
YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.
Domains, IPs, and hashes tied to this actor, refreshed continuously.