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TA2541 is a Nigeria-based cybercriminal threat actor tracked by Proofpoint that has operated since at least 2017. It conducts high-volume, indiscriminate phishing campaigns, typically using transportation-themed lures and malicious Microsoft Word documents or cloud-hosted payload links to deliver commodity remote-access trojans. Its recurring targets include organizations in the aviation, aerospace, transportation, manufacturing, and defense sectors, particularly across North America, Europe, and the Middle East. TA2541 has used commodity malware including AsyncRAT, NetWire, WSH RAT, and Parallax, as well as malware acquired through criminal forums or open-source repositories. Observed tradecraft includes Visual Basic Script and PowerShell execution, use of mshta to execute scripts, process hollowing to run CyberGate, Windows Management Instrumentation queries for security-product discovery, host-system reconnaissance before payload download, attempts to disable built-in defenses, and persistence through Startup-folder payloads and Registry Run keys. The actor is generally assessed as comparatively low sophistication but has maintained long-running operations and a consistent aviation-focused targeting pattern. Its ultimate operational objective is not publicly established.
Mallory correlates actor tradecraft and target patterns against your stack, your sector, and your geography. See overlap before they land.
Who, where, and (when attributed) which flag flies behind the operation. Pulled from open-source reporting and Mallory's analyst review.
Sectors the actor has been observed targeting.
Geographies tied to known operations.
Attributed origin per open-source reporting.
34 distinct techniques observed across reporting, grouped by tactic. Hover any cell for the evidence excerpt; click through for MITRE's full description.
15 malware families attributed to this actor across reporting.
10 additional families tracked in Mallory.
1 CVE this actor has used in observed campaigns. 1 of them exploited in the wild.
19 indicators attributed to this actor: domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts pulled from reporting. View more in app.
20 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
Listed in the detection annotation metadata.
Listed only as an annotation associated with the detection.
Listed only in the detection's ATT&CK/actor annotations.
TA2541 appears only in the detection's annotations list.
Match sector + geo + tech-stack targeting against your real footprint.
Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.
Families this actor is known to deploy, with IOCs and behavior.
CVEs this actor has used in known campaigns.
YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.
Domains, IPs, and hashes tied to this actor, refreshed continuously.