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ChocoShell is an in-memory, PowerShell-based information stealer targeting Windows systems. It is used by Storm-2945, an operational sub-cluster of the Russian espionage actor Midnight Blizzard, also known as APT29, in the CaptiveCrunch campaign targeting corporate travelers using hotel, conference-center, and other shared Wi-Fi networks. Compromised captive-portal infrastructure redirects users to fake browser or operating-system updates and ClickFix prompts that induce malware execution. ChocoShell can also be delivered as a companion payload by the CornFlake remote-access trojan.
ChocoShell harvests browser session cookies, saved passwords, stored Wi-Fi credentials, and Microsoft 365 single sign-on tokens. It also collects Azure Active Directory access and refresh tokens and Web Account Manager tokens from the Windows Token Broker cache. These stolen authentication artifacts can enable session replay and access to enterprise cloud services without requiring victims to re-enter credentials. Its browser collection functionality targets Chromium-based and Firefox-family browsers, bypasses Chrome App-Bound Encryption, and uses browser debugging functionality to retrieve plaintext cookies.
ChocoShell executes entirely in memory, disables the Antimalware Scan Interface through .NET reflection, and uses timing-based sandbox detection to evade analysis. It implements multiple UAC bypass techniques to obtain elevated privileges. The malware retrieves additional tooling and exfiltrates stolen data over HTTPS, disguising command-and-control requests as ordinary web tracking and JavaScript resource traffic.
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4 distinct threat actors attributed by public researchers. Open in Mallory to see the full evidence chain and overlapping campaigns.
ChocoShell, an in-memory PowerShell infostealer, focuses on browser cookies, saved passwords, Microsoft 365 single sign-on tokens, and stored Wi-Fi credentials.
ChocoShell, an in-memory PowerShell infostealer, focuses on browser cookies, saved passwords, Microsoft 365 single sign-on tokens, and stored Wi-Fi credentials.
CornFlake exposes a localhost HTTP API server to transform the malware into a modular platform, delivering additional payloads such as ChocoShell, a PowerShell-based infostealer. ChocoShell is delivered and executed entirely in-memory.
CornFlake exposes a localhost HTTP API server to transform the malware into a modular platform, delivering additional payloads such as ChocoShell, a PowerShell-based infostealer. ChocoShell is delivered and executed entirely in-memory.
27 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.
ChocoShell, on the other hand, is a PowerShell-based infostealer that's used to steal browser session cookies...
Victims are instructed to paste and run commands, in some cases with instructions for Android APK installation. Executing the ClickFix instructions downloads and runs CornFlake and/or ChocoShell.
Additional defense evasion and privilege abuse across the toolset include SYSTEM token impersonation
OAuth code phishing and doppelganger domains mimicking Microsoft services support the same objective.
Additional defense evasion and privilege abuse across the toolset include ... Volume Shadow Copy Service abuse
Additional defense evasion and privilege abuse across the toolset include SYSTEM token impersonation
ChocoShell ... escalates privileges using silent User Account Control (UAC) bypass techniques (such as SilentCleanup task hijack, wsreset.exe COM hijack, and sdclt.exe folder hijack)
ChocoShell runs entirely in memory, disabling the Antimalware Scan Interface (AMSI) before harvesting browser cookies, saved passwords, Microsoft 365 single sign-on tokens and Wi-Fi credentials.
CornFlake ou des voleurs de données comme ChocoShell, capables de capturer les frappes au clavier...
It also harvests Microsoft 365 and Azure AD/WAM tokens from the Token Broker cache, as well as Wi-Fi credentials via netsh wlan .
ChocoShell, on the other hand, is a PowerShell-based infostealer that's used to steal ... saved passwords, Microsoft 365 Single Sign-On (SSO) tokens, and Wi-Fi credentials from compromised systems.
A portion of this activity leverages doppelganger domains mimicking Microsoft online services to conduct follow-on adversary-in-the-middle (AitM) phishing operations that abuse the device code authentication flow in Microsoft Entra ID.
The activity involves obtaining administrative access to the Wi‑Fi gateways to modify devices' configurations and making use of DNS poisoning to reroute regular web traffic to dispatch connections for legitimate domains through attacker-controlled infrastructure.
CornFlake ou des voleurs de données comme ChocoShell, capables de capturer les frappes au clavier...
A portion of this activity leverages doppelganger domains mimicking Microsoft online services to conduct follow-on adversary-in-the-middle (AitM) phishing operations that abuse the device code authentication flow in Microsoft Entra ID.
The activity involves obtaining administrative access to the Wi‑Fi gateways to modify devices' configurations and making use of DNS poisoning to reroute regular web traffic to dispatch connections for legitimate domains through attacker-controlled infrastructure.
Collected data is compressed, encoded, and exfiltrated via HTTPS POST to C2 endpoints disguised as tracking pixels and JavaScript polyfill files.
26 indicators attributed across vendor reports, sandbox runs, and researcher write-ups. Full values are available in Mallory.
IPs, domains, and DNS infrastructure linked to this family.
File hashes (MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256) from samples and reports.
Other indicator types observed in public reporting.
21 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
In-memory PowerShell infostealer used in the CaptiveCrunch campaign to steal credentials and authenticated session data. It retrieves browser encryption keys and uses browser debugging features to obtain readable cookies. The content describes anti-malware scanning evasion, analysis-environment checks, privilege elevation, compression and exfiltration of stolen data, and removal of temporary traces. Listed infrastructure includes dedicated command-and-control, secondary-module retrieval, and data-exfiltration endpoints.
An in-memory PowerShell information stealer used in the CaptiveCrunch campaign. It steals browser cookies, saved passwords, Microsoft 365 single sign-on tokens, and stored Wi-Fi credentials. It retrieves browser encryption keys and uses browser debugging features to obtain readable cookies, enabling authenticated-session theft. The report describes anti-malware scanning interference, analysis-environment checks, privilege elevation, compressed data exfiltration to command-and-control infrastructure, and removal of temporary traces.
Information stealer deployed through ClickFix lures; it can capture keystrokes, listen through microphones, and extract browser cookies.
A PowerShell-based infostealer delivered via a ClickFix lure that steals browser session cookies, bypasses Chrome app-bound encryption protections, and harvests saved passwords, Microsoft 365 SSO tokens, and Wi-Fi credentials.
Match every observed IP, domain, and hash against your live telemetry.
Named campaigns wielding this family, with evidence pinned to each claim.
CVEs this family uses for access and lateral movement.
YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.
Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.
Reddit, Mastodon, and CTI community discussion around this family.