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MalwareRansomwareUsed by 2 actors

GateKeeper

GateKeeper is an encrypted .NET payload associated with the financially motivated threat actor KongTuke, also tracked as Woodgnat. The available reporting describes it as a .NET payload with layered encryption, extensive anti-analysis logic, and victim-fingerprinting functionality. Huntress reported that in a January 2026 KongTuke campaign, GateKeeper appeared in the infection path used for non-domain-joined hosts after a ClickFix/CrashFix-style social-engineering chain involving a malicious NexShield browser extension, clipboard-staged PowerShell, and abuse of finger.exe as a LOLBin. In that reporting, the GateKeeper branch was part of a more obfuscated, DGA-driven chain that also used AMSI bypasses and was intended to withhold payloads from sandboxes; in analysis, one branch returned the string "TEST PAYLOAD!!!!," suggesting testing or staged rollout. GateKeeper has also been listed among other KongTuke tooling alongside WinPython, Node.js, finger.exe, the fake NexShield browser extension, MintsLoader, and D3F@ck Loader. High-confidence details in the provided content do not establish additional payload capabilities, persistence mechanisms, or specific indicators of compromise for GateKeeper beyond its role as an encrypted .NET payload with anti-analysis and fingerprinting behavior.

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THREAT ACTORS

Groups observed using it

2 distinct threat actors attributed by public researchers. Open in Mallory to see the full evidence chain and overlapping campaigns.

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KongTuke

KongTuke has also been seen using a wider kit, including WinPython, Node.js, finger.exe, a fake NexShield browser extension, the encrypted GateKeeper .NET payload, and loaders like MintsLoader and D3F@ck Loader.

via security affairssecurityaffairs.com
Woodgnat

KongTuke has also been seen using a wider kit, including WinPython, Node.js, finger.exe, a fake NexShield browser extension, the encrypted GateKeeper .NET payload, and loaders like MintsLoader and D3F@ck Loader.

via security affairssecurityaffairs.com
MITRE ATT&CK

Techniques & procedures

4 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.

Execution

2 techniques
T1059.001PowerShellEvidence1

In each case the victim is ultimately tricked into running an attacker-supplied PowerShell command... Once a command is executed, a multi-stage PowerShell chain downloads and unpacks a portable WinPython environment and launches the ModeloRAT Python scripts.

T1204User ExecutionEvidence1

ClickFix... fake error or fake CAPTCHA tests to trick users into pasting malicious scripts into the Windows Run dialog... FileFix... manually pasting and executing malicious commands... CrashFix... trick them into manually executing code... In each case the victim is ultimately tricked into running an attacker-supplied PowerShell command.

Stealth

2 techniques
T1497Virtualization/Sandbox EvasionEvidence2

Lure and loader stages routinely profile the victim host for analysis tools and virtual-machine indicators and distinguish domain-joined corporate machines from standalone WORKGROUP hosts

T1497.001System ChecksEvidence1

Lure and loader stages routinely profile the victim host for analysis tools and virtual-machine indicators and distinguish domain-joined corporate machines from standalone WORKGROUP hosts so that the higher-value ModeloRAT payload is reserved for enterprise targets.

Discovery

2 techniques
T1497Virtualization/Sandbox EvasionEvidence2

Lure and loader stages routinely profile the victim host for analysis tools and virtual-machine indicators and distinguish domain-joined corporate machines from standalone WORKGROUP hosts

T1497.001System ChecksEvidence1

Lure and loader stages routinely profile the victim host for analysis tools and virtual-machine indicators and distinguish domain-joined corporate machines from standalone WORKGROUP hosts so that the higher-value ModeloRAT payload is reserved for enterprise targets.

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IOC matching

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Threat actor attribution2

Named campaigns wielding this family, with evidence pinned to each claim.

Exploited vulnerabilities

CVEs this family uses for access and lateral movement.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

MITRE ATT&CK mapping4

Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.

Researcher chatter

Reddit, Mastodon, and CTI community discussion around this family.