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CL-STA-1048 is a China-linked cyberespionage activity cluster active in 2025 and overlapping with the publicly tracked groups Earth Estries, Salt Typhoon, and Crimson Palace. It was observed targeting a government organization in Southeast Asia as part of a broader, multi-cluster intrusion set focused on maintaining long-term access to sensitive networks and exfiltrating data. The cluster employed a diverse espionage toolkit including EggStremeFuel, EggStreme Loader, Gorem RAT, Masol RAT, RawCookie, and TrackBak. Its operations showed a multi-payload approach consistent with determined efforts to establish and preserve footholds inside victim environments. Observed capabilities included backdoor access, arbitrary command execution, reverse shell functionality, file upload and download, in-memory payload execution, keylogging, clipboard theft, collection of network and host information, and theft of files from connected drives. EggStreme Loader and related components supported extensive backdoor command sets, while TrackBak functioned as an information stealer focused on user activity and system data. Tradecraft associated with CL-STA-1048 included stealth-oriented persistence and defense evasion, notably DLL sideloading. The cluster’s tooling and operational overlap with Earth Estries and Crimson Palace, together with its targeting of a Southeast Asian government entity, align it with Chinese state-linked espionage objectives rather than disruptive or financially motivated operations. The exact initial access vector for this cluster has not been established from the available facts.
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Who, where, and (when attributed) which flag flies behind the operation. Pulled from open-source reporting and Mallory's analyst review.
Attributed origin per open-source reporting.
12 distinct techniques observed across reporting, grouped by tactic. Hover any cell for the evidence excerpt; click through for MITRE's full description.
9 malware families attributed to this actor across reporting.
4 additional families tracked in Mallory.
29 indicators attributed to this actor: domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts pulled from reporting. View more in app.
4 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
Participated in the 2025 campaign against a Southeast Asian government, using multiple payloads and stealth techniques to maintain persistence and evade detection.
Espionage-focused cluster targeting a Southeast Asian government with multiple payloads for backdoor access, keylogging, reverse shell control, and data theft.
China-aligned activity cluster targeting a Southeast Asian government organization using multiple backdoors, RATs, and stealers to establish persistent access and conduct extensive data theft.
Espionage cluster using multiple payloads and backdoors to establish footholds and evade XDR in a Southeast Asian government network.
Match sector + geo + tech-stack targeting against your real footprint.
Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.
Families this actor is known to deploy, with IOCs and behavior.
CVEs this actor has used in known campaigns.
YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.
Domains, IPs, and hashes tied to this actor, refreshed continuously.