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APT5 is a China-linked cyber-espionage threat actor associated with long-running intelligence collection and intellectual property theft. It is also known as Keyhole Panda, MANGANESE, Mulberry Typhoon, Bronze Fleetwood, and TG-2754, and activity attributed to it has been tracked as UNC2630. Its targets include telecommunications and technology companies, government organizations, and the defense sector, including U.S. defense industrial base organizations. The group specializes in compromising internet-facing remote-access and network appliances. Its operations include exploitation of Pulse Secure VPN vulnerabilities, including CVE-2021-22893, and Citrix ADC and Citrix Gateway vulnerability CVE-2022-27518. Pulse Secure compromises have involved trojanizing shared components to capture credentials and bypass authentication flows, including multifactor authentication, as well as deploying web shells and modifying appliance files to retain access. APT5 has maintained access to compromised telecommunications-sector VPN infrastructure for months. APT5-associated operations use Operational Relay Box networks to obscure their origin by routing traffic through compromised edge devices. Operators associated with Keyhole Panda/APT5 infrastructure have also used generative AI for open-source research, reconnaissance, script modification, Linux troubleshooting, software development, and infrastructure configuration.
Mallory correlates actor tradecraft and target patterns against your stack, your sector, and your geography. See overlap before they land.
Who, where, and (when attributed) which flag flies behind the operation. Pulled from open-source reporting and Mallory's analyst review.
Sectors the actor has been observed targeting.
Geographies tied to known operations.
Attributed origin per open-source reporting.
51 distinct techniques observed across reporting, grouped by tactic. Hover any cell for the evidence excerpt; click through for MITRE's full description.
17 malware families attributed to this actor across reporting.
12 additional families tracked in Mallory.
13 CVEs this actor has used in observed campaigns. 13 of them exploited in the wild.
Recent zero-day vulnerability in Pulse Secure VPN (CVE-2021-22893) ... FireEye published a blog detailing how the vulnerability (CVE-2021-22893) was being exploited by a China-linked APT group it tracks as UNC2630.
CVE-2022-27518 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to perform arbitrary code execution on a Citrix appliance. NSA and Citrix reported active exploitation by APT5.
This detection identifies instances where Windows Explorer.exe spawns PowerShell or cmd.exe processes, particularly focusing on executions initiated by LNK files. This behavior is associated with the ZDI-CAN-25373 Windows shortcut zero-day vulnerability, where specially crafted LNK files are used to trigger malicious code execution through cmd.exe or powershell.exe. This technique has been actively exploited by multiple APT groups in targeted attacks through both HTTP and SMB delivery methods.
Exploiting CVE-2018-13379 gives adversaries direct, unauthenticated access to sensitive system files, including the jackpot sslvpn_websession. This plaintext file often contains usernames and passwords, giving attackers immediate access to credentials.
"By exploiting multiple Pulse Secure VPN weaknesses (CVE-2019-11510, CVE-2020-8260, CVE-2020-8243, and CVE-2021-22893), UNC2630 is said to have harvested login credentials..." ... "...advisory, warning businesses of active exploitation of five publicly known vulnerabilities by the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR), including CVE-2019-11510..."
8 more CVEs tied to this actor tracked in Mallory.
98 indicators attributed to this actor: domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts pulled from reporting. View more in app.
20 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
Listed only in technique annotations. The content does not attribute ResetNightmare exploitation or a specific campaign to this group.
Used ChatGPT to support reconnaissance, development, infrastructure configuration, and research into authentication-bypass and authorization-token-capture methods.
Referenced only as an annotated actor associated with the detection technique.
APT5 is listed in the detection's annotations for Linux crontab enumeration.
Match sector + geo + tech-stack targeting against your real footprint.
Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.
Families this actor is known to deploy, with IOCs and behavior.
CVEs this actor has used in known campaigns.
YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.
Domains, IPs, and hashes tied to this actor, refreshed continuously.