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Mallory
5 malware familiesExploits CVEs in the wild

Interlock

Also known asinterlockinterlock_groupinterlock_ransomwareinterlock_ransomware_group

Interlock is a financially motivated ransomware group, tracked internally by IBM X-Force as Hive0163, that has been running ransomware campaigns since September 2024. Reporting in the provided content describes Interlock as targeting healthcare and other critical infrastructure, as well as education, local government/administration, and other large organizations in North America and Europe. Multiple examples in the content attribute or associate Interlock with attacks affecting DaVita, Kettering Health, Goodwill Industries International, Lexington-Richland School District Five, West Lothian Council, and Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center. The group is described as particularly active against education organizations, with one report stating that 27.3% of its total victims were in that sector, well above the broader ransomware average. Other reporting says Interlock historically targeted education, engineering, architecture, construction, manufacturing, industrial, healthcare, government, and public sector organizations. Interlock has been linked to the TAG-124 / KongTuke / Woodgnat traffic distribution and initial access ecosystem. The content states that KongTuke/Woodgnat acts as an initial access broker selling access to ransomware groups including Interlock, and that Interlock also uses or benefits from TAG-124 traffic distribution services. Interlock has also been associated with malware and tooling overlaps involving Rhysida. IBM X-Force reported strong connections between Interlock and Rhysida, including shared use of the Supper backdoor (also known as SocksShell or WINDYTWIST), similarities between Supper, InterlockRAT, NodeSnake, JunkFiction, and ModeloRAT, and likely overlapping developers or trusted code sharing. Cisco Talos was cited as previously assessing with low confidence that Interlock may have emerged from Rhysida operators or developers. Tactics and techniques directly mentioned in the content include use of trojanized software installers, fake Microsoft Teams download pages, traffic distribution systems, ClickFix-style lures, and fake browser updates for initial access and payload delivery. Interlock has been repeatedly linked to TAG-124, also tracked as LandUpdate808. IBM also reported methodical post-compromise activity including credential theft, use of AZcopy and Advanced Port Scanner, and a custom Windows Defender Application Control policy on Interlock staging servers designed to suppress Defender and endpoint protections. Amazon threat intelligence reported that Interlock exploited CVE-2026-20131 in Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center beginning on January 26, 2026, 36 days before public disclosure, and also noted use of ConnectWise ScreenConnect, Certify, Volatility, custom JavaScript and Java remote access trojans, a fileless Java memory-resident backdoor, and PowerShell-based reconnaissance. The content also notes that Interlock shares similarities with Rhysida in tactics, tools, and encryption behaviors, but the exact relationship is described as unknown. Interlock is not described in the provided content as a nation-state actor.

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MITRE ATT&CK

Tradecraft

66 distinct techniques observed across reporting, grouped by tactic. Hover any cell for the evidence excerpt; click through for MITRE's full description.

13 of 15 tactics88 techniques×N= number of intelligence reports citing this technique
MITRE ATT&CK
TA0001
Initial Access
3 techniques
T1078
Valid Accounts
T1189×2
Drive-by Compromise
T1190×2
Exploit Public-Facing Application
TA0002
Execution
4 techniques
T1047
Windows Management Instrumentation
T1053
Scheduled Task/Job
T1053.005
Scheduled Task
T1059×2
Command and Scripting Interpreter
T1059.001×2
PowerShell
T1059.003
Windows Command Shell
T1059.005
Visual Basic
T1059.007
JavaScript
T1203×2
Exploitation for Client Execution
TA0003
Persistence
5 techniques
T1053
Scheduled Task/Job
T1053.005
Scheduled Task
T1078
Valid Accounts
T1112
Modify Registry
T1505
Server Software Component
T1505.003×3
Web Shell
T1547
Boot or Logon Autostart Execution
T1547.009
Shortcut Modification
TA0004
Privilege Escalation
6 techniques
T1053
Scheduled Task/Job
T1053.005
Scheduled Task
T1055
Process Injection
T1055.003
Thread Execution Hijacking
T1068×3
Exploitation for Privilege Escalation
T1078
Valid Accounts
T1134
Access Token Manipulation
T1134.001
Token Impersonation/Theft
T1547
Boot or Logon Autostart Execution
T1547.009
Shortcut Modification
TA0005
Stealth
11 techniques
T1027
Obfuscated Files or Information
T1027.011
Fileless Storage
T1055
Process Injection
T1055.003
Thread Execution Hijacking
T1070×2
Indicator Removal
T1070.001
Clear Windows Event Logs
T1070.002
Clear Linux or Mac System Logs
T1070.003
Clear Command History
T1070.004×2
File Deletion
T1078
Valid Accounts
T1134
Access Token Manipulation
T1134.001
Token Impersonation/Theft
T1140
Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information
T1211
Exploitation for Stealth
T1218
System Binary Proxy Execution
T1218.011
Rundll32
T1497
Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion
T1497.001
System Checks
T1620
Reflective Code Loading
T1622
Debugger Evasion
TA0112
Defense Impairment
2 techniques
T1112
Modify Registry
T1553
Subvert Trust Controls
T1553.002
Code Signing
TA0006
Credential Access
4 techniques
T1003×2
OS Credential Dumping
T1555
Credentials from Password Stores
T1558
Steal or Forge Kerberos Tickets
T1649×3
Steal or Forge Authentication Certificates
TA0007
Discovery
11 techniques
T1033
System Owner/User Discovery
T1046
Network Service Discovery
T1049
System Network Connections Discovery
T1082×4
System Information Discovery
T1083
File and Directory Discovery
T1135
Network Share Discovery
T1217
Browser Information Discovery
T1482
Domain Trust Discovery
T1497
Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion
T1497.001
System Checks
T1518
Software Discovery
T1622
Debugger Evasion
TA0008
Lateral Movement
2 techniques
T1021
Remote Services
T1021.001
Remote Desktop Protocol
T1570
Lateral Tool Transfer
TA0009
Collection
2 techniques
T1005
Data from Local System
T1074
Data Staged
TA0011
Command and Control
6 techniques
T1071
Application Layer Protocol
T1071.001×2
Web Protocols
T1090×4
Proxy
T1090.001×2
Internal Proxy
T1090.002
External Proxy
T1090.003
Multi-hop Proxy
T1095
Non-Application Layer Protocol
T1105×4
Ingress Tool Transfer
T1219×2
Remote Access Tools
T1568
Dynamic Resolution
TA0010
Exfiltration
2 techniques
T1041×3
Exfiltration Over C2 Channel
T1537
Transfer Data to Cloud Account
TA0040
Impact
2 techniques
T1486×7
Data Encrypted for Impact
T1657
Financial Theft
IOCS

Observables

83 indicators attributed to this actor: domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts pulled from reporting. View more in app.

IOC values are gated. View more in Mallory for domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts, or pipe them straight into your SIEM.

What this page doesn’t show

The version that knows your environment.

This page is what’s public. Mallory adds the parts that aren’t: sector and geo overlap with your footprint, the IOCs they’re burning right now, detection coverage, and what to do next.
Target overlap

Match sector + geo + tech-stack targeting against your real footprint.

Tradecraft mapping66

Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.

Malware arsenal5

Families this actor is known to deploy, with IOCs and behavior.

Exploited CVEs3

CVEs this actor has used in known campaigns.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

Observables83

Domains, IPs, and hashes tied to this actor, refreshed continuously.