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Rocke, also known as rocke_group, is a China-associated, financially motivated threat group best known for compromising servers to mine Monero using victims' computing resources. Its targeting includes internet-facing enterprise applications, with documented exploitation of Apache Struts and Struts2, Oracle WebLogic vulnerability CVE-2017-10271, and Adobe ColdFusion vulnerability CVE-2017-3066. Activity in 2018 also involved exploitation of Jenkins and JBoss. Rocke is distinct from 8220 Mining Group and Tor2Mine despite overlapping mining tools and delivery techniques. Rocke deploys shell-script downloaders, ELF cryptocurrency miners, backdoors, and worm-like malware. It has distributed payloads through Git repositories, HTTP file servers, and malicious Amazon Machine Images, and has reused mining tooling developed by other actors. Its propagation techniques include discovering previously contacted SSH hosts and using private SSH keys recovered from compromised machines to authenticate to additional systems. Campaigns employ cron-based persistence, disguised scripts, and process concealment. Rocke also modifies UPX headers in packed executables to disrupt unpacking and hinder analysis, and extracts compressed payload archives downloaded from command-and-control infrastructure. Beyond cryptocurrency mining, the group has developed destructive malware masquerading as ransomware.
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Who, where, and (when attributed) which flag flies behind the operation. Pulled from open-source reporting and Mallory's analyst review.
Sectors the actor has been observed targeting.
Geographies tied to known operations.
Attributed origin per open-source reporting.
43 distinct techniques observed across reporting, grouped by tactic. Hover any cell for the evidence excerpt; click through for MITRE's full description.
7 malware families attributed to this actor across reporting.
2 additional families tracked in Mallory.
13 CVEs this actor has used in observed campaigns. 13 of them exploited in the wild.
Rocke exploited Apache Struts, Oracle WebLogic (CVE-2017-10271), and Adobe ColdFusion (CVE-2017-3066) vulnerabilities to deliver malware.
Rocke exploited Apache Struts, Oracle WebLogic (CVE-2017-10271), and Adobe ColdFusion (CVE-2017-3066) vulnerabilities to deliver malware.
In our analysis, we found Pro-Ocean targeting Apache ActiveMQ (CVE-2016-3088)... The list of vulnerable software that Pro-Ocean exploits includes: Apache ActiveMQ – CVE-2016-3088.
the threat actors started targeting systems that run Jenkins by attempting to exploit CVE-2018-1000861 and CVE-2019-1003000
the threat actors started targeting systems that run Jenkins by attempting to exploit CVE-2018-1000861 and CVE-2019-1003000
8 more CVEs tied to this actor tracked in Mallory.
125 indicators attributed to this actor: domains, IPs, hashes, and other artifacts pulled from reporting. View more in app.
20 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
Listed as an annotation to a renamed-Python-binary detection; no actor-specific campaign or behavior is described.
Referenced as an ATT&CK-associated group for this detection technique; no activity by the group is described in the content.
Identified as a group that has deployed Noodle RAT, a cross-platform remote-access trojan. The content does not specify Rocke's individual campaigns, victims, sponsorship or initial-access methods.
Match sector + geo + tech-stack targeting against your real footprint.
Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.
Families this actor is known to deploy, with IOCs and behavior.
CVEs this actor has used in known campaigns.
YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.
Domains, IPs, and hashes tied to this actor, refreshed continuously.