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IndigoZebra is a cyber espionage threat actor associated with Chinese-speaking activity and assessed to originate from China. The group has targeted former Soviet republics and Central Asian government-related entities, with reported activity affecting Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan. Its operations have relied heavily on spearphishing emails carrying malicious attachments, including password-protected archives, and social-engineering lures that prompt victims to open files or review purported document changes. IndigoZebra has also used compromised legitimate email accounts to improve phishing credibility. The actor develops and acquires operational infrastructure, including domains crafted to resemble official government domains, and has used web services such as cloud-hosted accounts to support operations. After initial access, IndigoZebra downloads additional payloads and tools from command-and-control infrastructure and has employed both custom malware and commodity tooling. Reported malware and tools associated with the group include Meterpreter, Poison Ivy, xDown, xCaon, and NBTscan. Observed tradecraft includes phishing-based initial access, user-execution dependency, ingress tool transfer, infrastructure acquisition, use of compromised accounts, reconnaissance-oriented tooling, and broader post-compromise activity consistent with espionage intrusions.
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Who, where, and (when attributed) which flag flies behind the operation. Pulled from open-source reporting and Mallory's analyst review.
Sectors the actor has been observed targeting.
25 distinct techniques observed across reporting, grouped by tactic. Hover any cell for the evidence excerpt; click through for MITRE's full description.
5 malware families attributed to this actor across reporting.
1 CVE this actor has used in observed campaigns. 1 of them exploited in the wild.
20 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.
Listed as an associated threat actor in detection annotations for Ghostscript exploitation; no specific campaign activity is described in this reference.
Referenced as a threat actor associated with spearphishing attachment activity involving malicious file execution and potential credential capture via UDL files.
Listed as a threat actor associated with the observed use of QEMU and the -nographic flag to install a rogue Linux virtual machine for persistence and initial access.
Listed in the detection annotations as a threat actor associated with EFI volume mounting / installation-related behavior.
Match sector + geo + tech-stack targeting against your real footprint.
Every observed MITRE ATT&CK technique, grouped by tactic.
Families this actor is known to deploy, with IOCs and behavior.
CVEs this actor has used in known campaigns.
YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.
Domains, IPs, and hashes tied to this actor, refreshed continuously.